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Moraes, Michelle Bianchi-De;

Costa, Natália Caroline Queiroz;

Silva, Gabriella Yasmim Santos Da;

Costa, Fernanda Calvo;

Raldi, Fernando Vagner;

Lopes, Sérgio Lúcio Pereira De Castro;

ABSTRACT Purpose: The degenerative joint disease is a temporomandibular disorder. By analysing texture parameters, it becomes possible to characterize and differentiate various tissues, based on their textural properties according to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This study evaluated degenerative diseases in the temporomandibular joint through texture analysis. Methods: Eighty images of the jaw condyle with three types of degenerative diseases, flattening, osteophytes, erosion and control group were analysed, obtained through CBCT. The analyses were carried out through texture analysis with three regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to specific bone sites. The scans were exported to MaZda software, in which the ROIs were delimited following previously marked contours, and the co-occurrence matrix values were calculated for selected texture analysis parameters. Results: The erosion group showed a significantly different behaviour from the other groups for all analysed parameters. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of texture analysis in characterizing medullary bone changes in condyles affected by erosion. Texture analysis allows for a more comprehensive assessment of bone condition on CBCT images. These results have implications for early detection and monitoring of degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint, thus allowing preventive intervention and personalized treatment planning, improving the prognosis of the disease.

Lucas, Kleber Dos Anjos;

Souza, Rodrigo Gomes De;

Kassab, Siham;

Sampaio, Marco Aurélio Pereira;

Inpanbutr, Nongnuch;

Carvalho, Yuri Karaccas De;

ABSTRACT Purpose: To create tridimensional (3D) anatomical models of diaphyseal fractures in dogs (3D AMDFD) and to evaluate the models from their radiographs. Methods: The study consisted of six stages: preparation of femur from a healthy dog cadaver; digitalization of the bone through a 3D scanner and creation of the base model; creation of a 3D AMDFD based on the image of the base model, 3D modeling carried out to reproduce five different types of diaphyseal fractures; printing the models produced on a 3D printer with a thermoplastic material; insertion of neodymium magnets in the fracture line to allow the assembly and disassembly of the parts; and radiography of 3D AMDFD in lateromedial and craniocaudal positions. Results: The base model and 3D AMDFD had high precision in the replication of bone structures, like the bone in natura. The radiopacity and radiolucency of the 3D AMDFD did not necessarily correspond to the bone densities found in the radiography of the natural canine femur. Conclusion: The 3D AMDFD and their respective radiographs accurately reproduced the anatomical structures and fracture lines.

Ziyadanoğulları, Mehmet Onur;

Arslan, Hüseyin;

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the cartilage acetabular index and acetabular development and secondary dysplasia. Methods: A total of 58 hips underwent intraoperative arthrography-guided open reduction or limited open reduction due to developmental hip dysplasia between 2011 and 2015 was included in the study. We evaluated patients with acetabular angle 8º as group 2. Intraoperative acetabular cartilage index measurements were performed, and patients with low and high cartilage acetabular index were divided into two groups. Results: There was a correlation between the cartilage acetabular index value, which indicates preoperative cartilage acetabular coverage, and acetabular development and secondary acetabular development. Conclusion: The cartilage acetabular index is a technically easy and uncomplicated evaluation method that can be used to estimate acetabular development and should be used routinely together with the bone acetabular index.

Karaaslanlı, Abdulmutalip;

Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi;

Aşır, Fırat;

Korak, Tuğcan;

ABSTRACT Purpose: We aimed to investigate the role of gallic acid treatment on spinal cord tissues after spinal cord injury (SCI) and its relationship with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by histochemical, immunohistochemical, and in-silico techniques. Methods: Thirty female Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham, SCI, and SCI+gallic acid. SCI was induced by dropping a 15-g weight onto the exposed T10-T11 spinal cord segment. The SCI+gallic acid group received 25 mg/kg of gallic acid intraperitoneally daily for one week. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and silico analyses were performed. Results: Histological analysis revealed improved neural cell survival and tissue integrity in the SCI+gallic acid group compared to the SCI group. Caspase-12 expression was significantly increased in the SCI group, indicating elevated ER stress and apoptosis. Gallic acid treatment resulted in a marked reduction in caspase-12 expression in neurons, neuroglia, and endothelial cells, suggesting decreased ER stress. Conclusion: Gallic acid exhibits significant neuroprotective effects against ER stress and cellular damage in a rat model of SCI. The in-silico analysis revealed apoptotic and immune-related pathways in which gallic acid showed neuroprotective effects by regulating caspase-12. These results suggest that gallic acid may be a promising therapeutic agent for mitigating secondary damage post-SCI.

Gonçalvez, Giuliana Fulco;

Barros, Louise Lopes;

Gurgel, Sofia Emereciano;

Medeiros, Kleyton Santos De;

Araújo Filho, Irami;

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine if endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be performed with surgery or as a different step, on acute cholecystitis, and which strategy has the least complications and morbimortality. Methods: Various databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, clinical trials, Google Scholar) were searched for randomized trials comparing the different timings for ERCP and cholecystectomy. No language or time restrictions were applied. Risk of bias was assessed with RoB 2.0 (Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2), and evidence certainty evaluated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Data synthesis used R-4.1.0 Project for Statistical Computing for Windows, with meta-analysis via fixed-effects model and I2 for heterogeneity. Results: Eleven studies was used, and meta-analysis was performed independently for each outcome. Different outcomes were evaluated, with preoperative ERCP as an intervention and intraoperative ERCP as the control: length of stays (four trials with mean differences – MD = -1.44; 95% confidence interval – 95%CI -3,87–0,98); bile leak (odds ratio – OR = 0.67; 95%CI 0.11–4.09); cholangitis (OR = 1.32; 95%CI 0.29–5.98); bleeding from sphincterotomy (OR = 0.98; 95%CI 0.20–4.86); wound infection (OR = 0.33; 95%CI 0.04–3.14); incisional bleeding (OR = 0.5; 95%CI 0.04–5.70); elevated amylase activity (OR = 5.22; 95%CI 2.17–12.59); acute pancreatitis (OR = 4.61; 95%CI 1.72–12.38); operative time (MD = -6,26; 95%CI -37.24–24.73); failure rate (OR = 1.74; 95%CI 0.99–3.05); conversion (OR = 1.34; 95%CI 0.6–2.96); morbidity (OR = 2.75; 95%CI 1.7–4.47). Conclusions: Risk of bias was significant due to lack of blindness. The morbidity, pancreatitis, and elevated amylase activity outcomes were the only ones to find statistical significance and favored the intraoperative approach.

Souza, Andrea Pelicia Roso De;

Palhares, Raquel;

Baltieri, Letícia;

Mussi, Ricardo Kalaf;

Antunes, Edson;

Mello, Glaucia Coelho De;

ABSTRACT Purpose: To establish a profile of the inflammatory response in the preoperative and postoperative period of pulmonary resection of patients without postoperative complications, in order to trace the inflammatory profile of lung resection surgery. Methods: Six collections of arterial and venous blood were performed for data analysis, one sample in the preoperative, immediate postoperative, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Twenty-seven patients with a median age of 63 years old, ranging from 29 to 80 years old, were included. Results: The leukocyte count showed a significant increase in the times: immediate postoperative and 4 hours after surgery, in relation to the preoperative period. Concomitantly, there was an increase in lactate, heart rate, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 after 4 hours of surgery. The platelet count showed a significant decrease in 48 h, associated with an increase in IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. A significant increase in IL-10 was observed in the immediate postoperative. Conclusion: The study may contribute to the search for more specific and adequate alternatives for controlling the inflammatory response. In this way, the intervention would be specific to that cytokine that causes the greatest harm to the patient, as well as to the moment of the intervention.